Ethnobotany of Mexico by Rafael Lira Alejandro Casas & José Blancas

Author:Rafael Lira, Alejandro Casas & José Blancas
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer New York, New York, NY

Fig. 11.10Panorama of the morphological variation in some features significant for people managing Escontria chiotilla, Polaskia chichipe, and Stenocereus stellatus

One of the main questions is to whether the patterns of variation in these characters allow to identify patterns of morphological divergence among wild and cultivated populations and how divergent these are. We have analysed such question in several species. Figure 11.11 shows multivariate analyses of morphological characters among wild (W), silviculturally managed (M), and cultivated (C). Individuals closer among themselves are morphologically more similar and vice versa. The Fig. 11.11 illustrates that in Escontria chiotilla , the least intensely managed studied the wild and managed plants have relatively lower differentiation than wild and managed individuals of Stenocereus stellatus , which is also more intensely managed. It is possible to see that some wild and cultivated plants are similar among themselves. This is explainable because people continue introducing into cultivation wild plants in the managed systems, and also because in wild populations there is variation and part of such variation may include plants similar to those in cultivated areas. In fact, some of these plants are sources of material that is propagated in the managed systems. This information may be documented through interviews and corroborated through molecular markers [56].

Fig. 11.11Principal component analyses of the morphology of columnar cacti individuals from wild (s), in situ or silviculturally managed (m) and cultivated (c) populations. Each letter indicates one individual plant, its position in the plot depends on the general morphology (considering 15–23 morphological characters), individuals closer among themselves are more similar among themselves, and vice versa. Notice that the degree of differentiation of wild, silviculturally managed, and cultivated individuals is more pronounced in the species more intensely managed (Stenocereus stellatus)

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